Body doubles stand-ins stunt doubles photodoubles

[J Gimmysum Truth]

PER WIKIPEDIA --

Body double
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Occupation -- Body double
Names -- Body double, nude double, hand double, stunt double
Activity sectors -- Entertainment

Competencies -- Resemblance to real actor or person
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A body double is a general term in film-making for a person who substitutes in a scene for another actor such that the person's face is not shown.

The term body double is used when a substitute replaces the credited actor of a character in any recorded visual medium in shots where the character's body is shown but the face is either not visible or shown indistinctly, or in shots where the image of the credited actor's face is joined, usually by digital image processing, to the image of the body double's body. Body doubles are most often used for shots involving a nude scene. More specific terms are often used in special cases; a stunt double is used for dangerous or sophisticated sequences. This is in contrast to a stand-in who replaces an actor for non-filming purposes such as scene arrangement and lighting adjustments.

Stunt double or body double can both be used for cases where special skills are needed—anything from playing the piano, to competitive skiing.

Also, if only a part of the body is shown, the term might be more specific; probably the most common is a hand double, who is used to shoot inserts where only the hand or arm is in the shot. These inserts are often shot by the second unit with a double at a later point in production primarily because it allows the main unit to use the lead actors' time more efficiently. Another common body double is the butt double, mostly used with TV, since whole-body nudity isn't as common in that medium. The term stunt butt is also attested,[1] as is stunt cock.

A production scene photodouble portrays a double of the lead actor for the director. A double will be seen on camera during the movie. Some of these many double-acted scenes could be long or wide establishing shots, complicated over-the-shoulder main lead actor's dialogue sequences or in quick insert close-up shots involving only showing actor's body parts.

The photodouble must say the dialogue lines in the same lead actor timing and also reproduce the exact physical actions in co-ordination with the other principal actors in that scene to make this scene suitable for the final cut.

Usually, the double's face is kept from being seen on camera. This way the lead actor can work in fewer scenes and can apparently be filming in two scenes at once. And in this way, a well cast photodouble can help speed up the day's production and is a necessary and valuable cast person for a film.

In some productions, this technique (use of a double whose face is not seen on camera) is used where one actor is credited as playing more than one character. If both characters (played by the same actor) appear on camera in the same scene, the credited actor plays the character whose face is seen, and the double plays the other character (usually seen only from the back). An example of this is the identical cousins on The Patty Duke Show. This has become less common with the digital editing currently available allowing the credited actor to play multiple versions of himself onscreen such as with Hugo Weaving in The Matrix trilogy. In such a case, the actor simply films his lines for each doppleganger separately.


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Stand-In

A stand-in for film and television is a person who substitutes for the actor before filming, for technical purposes such as lighting.

Stand-ins are helpful in the initial processes of production. Lighting setup can be a slow and tedious process; during this time the actor will often be somewhere else. Stand-ins allow the director of photography to light the set, the camera department to light and focus scenes. The director will often ask stand-ins to deliver the scene dialogue ("lines") and walk through ("blocking") the scenes to be filmed. In this way, a good stand-in can help speed up the day's production and is a necessary and valuable cast member on a film.

Stand-ins are distinguished from body doubles, who replace actors on camera from behind, in makeup, or during dangerous stunts. Stand-ins do not appear on camera. However, on some productions the jobs of stand-in and double may be done by the same person. In rare cases, a stand-in will appear on screen, sometimes as an in-joke. For instance, the actress who pretends to be Ann Darrow in the stage show during the final act of King Kong (2005) is played by Naomi Watts' stand-in, Julia Walshaw.

Stand-ins do not necessarily look like the actor, but they must have the same skin tone, hair colour, height and build as the actor so that the lighting in a scene will be set up correctly. For example, if the lighting is set up with a stand-in shorter than an actor, the actor might end up having his or her head in relative darkness.

Stand-ins are also used for animated characters in a live action film, sometimes with life-size character models, so that the animators know where to place their animation and how to make them move realistically, and for actors to know where to look. In these cases, skin-tone and hair colour are not so important. Height and build, however, are still important for any interactions between live action and animated characters.

Some celebrities mandate that they will always have the same stand-in. Famous cases include Pluma Noisom (stand-in for Claudette Colbert) and Adam Bryant (Robin Williams).

[J Gimmysum Truth]

www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/explainer/2006/07/i_want_a_butt_double.html


I Want a Butt Double
How much will I have to pay?

By Daniel Engber | Posted Monday, July 24, 2006, at 6:32 PM ET


A professional body double covered for Luke Wilson's out-of-shape rear end during the filming of My Super Ex-Girlfriend. "Physically it was kind of a tough year," says Wilson. "I thought it might be a good time to sit on the bench for that scene and let some other kind of more athletic guy take over there." The producers of You, Me and Dupree also called in a butt double to cover for Luke's brother, Owen Wilson. How much does it cost to hire a professional derrière?

Around $500 for an eight-hour day, but it costs extra for naked cheeks. Productions that operate under Screen Actors Guild guidelines have standard rates for on-camera talent: A full-body double earns $795 for a full shift, while parts models typically get a rate of $445.30. (A model who's willing to do a nude scene might net double pay.) Wages for nonunion productions tend to be in the same ballpark as the guild rates, but an elite butt double like Anita Hart may get extra money.

Sometimes an actress will ask for a body double because she's not comfortable flashing her parts on camera. Mandy Moore requested a professional booty during the filming of Chasing Liberty, as did Sarah Michelle Gellar when she starred in Scooby Doo. But most of the time, it's the director or the producers who call in the ringers: "The director made that decision not to use my butt," says Owen Wilson. "I don't know how to interpret that."

Producers often hire body doubles to save money on insurance. It might cost a huge amount in risk coverage to have a high-priced star dangle her leg off a ladder, for example. Instead, the production company could pay a few hundred bucks for a much less valuable actor to put her leg in harm's way.

When a movie needs a parts double for a "celebrity insert," the director or casting agent submits a notice to a set of casting services known as the "breakdowns." Talent agents can supply doubles for very specific age ranges and body sizes, or for skin tones like "peaches and cream," "warm vellum," and "golden caramel." They can also send talent with special skills. For example, a commercial director might want a hand model with "tabletop skills"—someone who can pour a glass of beer at a constant rate or cut a tomato into perfectly even slices.

Agencies submit "comp cards" or "zed cards" for prospective models. For body doubles, these would include a full-body shot plus close-ups of the model's best "ancillary parts." A director might choose a double from these pictures, or she might call in a few models for in-person auditions.

In some cases, the celebrities get to make the final selection. Mandy Moore picked her butt double from a book of pictures. So did Luke Wilson: "I found myself just kind of poring over them saying, 'I like that one, but it doesn't have quite the pizzazz I want for this scene.' " Domino's Keira Knightley got to see her potential butt doubles in the flesh before she made her pick: "They all had very nice bottoms and I chose one."

Got a question about today's news? Ask the Explainer.

Explainer thanks Linda Teglovic of Body Parts Models. Thanks also to reader Adrienne Del Genio for asking the question.

[artemis]

"Stars who used body doubles"

www.emirates247.com/news-in-images/stars-who-used-body-doubles-2012-04-03-1.451995

BUT THE LIST IS ENDLESS, OBVIOUSLY....

[artemis]

"A body double was used for KIM BASINGER for a lot of the explicit scenes, for instance the legs in the art gallery basement scene as well as the ice scene. Noone knows who the double is because she is uncredited, but thats definitely not KIM's body. Its been Hollywood lore for a long time".

"Barbra Streisand uses a body double. The lithe body glimpsed from behind in ''The Mirror Has Two Faces'' belongs not to the famous 54-year-old movie star, but to a younger and shapelier model who is paid to interpose her figure for Ms. Streisand's whenever the star's face isn't in view.

Michael Medved, the noted film critic, mentions this to make a point: that movies and television manipulate our emotions by ''fooling us through the eyes'' -- and by reaching, through our eyes, to our hearts.

Ms. Streisand's body double illustrates a second contradiction.

In Hollywood, the visual and the superficial dominate all. If Ms. Streisand's figure -- or Sharon Stone's or Julia Roberts' -- isn't perfect enough, why, somebody else's figure can be passed off as the real thing. Body doubles are a tiny but telling example of how far Hollywood and the TV studios routinely go to beautify that which isn't beautiful and make us admire that which isn't admirable.

The deception may be visual, Mr. Medved observes, but the impact is emotional. ''Even if you see people doing things you know to be horrible, you know to be irresponsible -- if the people are pretty enough, those things look attractive. Those things look desirable. The whole emphasis of the media is on the eyes -- on the eyes connecting with the heart, connecting with the emotions.''

And I also found this on a forum about composer MARVIN HAMLISCH:

"I was Barbara Streisand's body double in "The Way We Were". I sang that song way better than her. Marvin agreed with me but his hands were tied. I tried to untie his hands but Ken shot me."

[artemis]

"Body Doubles

Hollywood stars seem to have the perfect bodies, but like most everything in film, there is a
cheat here and there, especially when you need the perfect bod for stunts and/or nude scenes.
In 1983’s Flashdance, actress Jennifer Beals who played a welder by day, exotic dancer by night,
but much of Beal’s dancing was actually performed by several doubles including: French actress
Marine Jahan, male dancer Richard Colón and gymnast Sharon Shapiro (she did the famous midair
dive at the end of the film).
In 1980’s Dressed to Kill, 49-year-old Angie Dickinson had a 23-year-old body double for her in
the steamy shower scene at the beginning of the thriller. There is one brief wide shot of Angie in
the shower, but the close-ups were the body of 1978 Penthouse Pet of the Year Victoria Lynn
Johnson. The close-ups were so explicit that the film had to be edited to avoid an X-rating.
Perhaps the best well-known body double in Hollywood is Shelley Michelle. She has a list of
long credits, but is most famous for Barbara Streisand’s legs in Prince of Tides (“They looked like butter!”) and doubling for Julia Roberts in the film Pretty Woman. Another body double for
Roberts in Pretty Woman was Tracy Scoggins.
It doesn’t hurt to be related to a star to get work as a body double. Case in point: Linda Hamilton's identical twin sister Leslie Hamilton Gearren, who did her body doubling in
Terminator 2. In that film, Linda was ripped with muscles, so Leslie had to get in the same great
shape. When she’s not doubling for her sis, Leslie works as a nurse.
If you enjoy Halle Berry films, her body double is Barbara Alexander who doubled for the
Oscar-winning actress in X-Men III and Catwoman. Alexander is also an actress in her own
right. Perhaps she’ll follow in the footsteps of Catherine Bell. The JAG star began as a body
double for Isabella Rossellini’s nude scenes in the 1992 film "Death Becomes Her.”

Besides, back in the 90's I read that the hands appearing in a commercial with Streisand belonged actually to another woman, professional body double herself.... Forgot her name, sorry....

[artemis]

"Body doubles are professionals who take the place of performers during the filming of a scene for a television or motion picture production. The body double normally bears enough physical resemblance to the performer that is it impossible to detect the difference when the distance, angle, and lighting are situated in the proper manner. Doubles may be used when the scene calls for action that could be dangerous for a headlining performer, or when the appearance of the performer is only incidental to the scene.

For the most part, a body double does not have to bear a striking facial resemblance to the performer. However, the overall skin tone, body type, height, and color of hair are often considered essential in order to achieve the proper effect. Often, a body double is filmed from the back or at a distance, making it virtually impossible for the viewing audience to determine if the scene contains the performer or the double.

In the early days of television, a body double was especially helpful in scenes where the performer would be carrying on a conversation with a twin or other character who was supposed to be identical in appearance. A common arrangement during the golden age of television was for the performer to face the camera while the body double was viewed only from the back. This arrangement would allow one actor to provide the voice over for both characters, which could be dubbed in after the scenes were filmed and cut.

One of the most common types of body double is known as the stunt double. This type of movie body double is called upon to act in scenes that require a great deal of physical exertion and may be somewhat dangerous. Since many headliner performers are paid well for their services, having to hold up production when a major actor or actress is injured on the set can be extremely expensive. To minimize the potential of injury to the star, the stunt double takes over when the scripting calls for car chases, an escape from a burning building, or any similar physical action. In order to protect themselves, stunt doubles are usually highly trained in how to perform various actions with a minimal chance of injury.

As with actors and actresses, the Hollywood body double typically belongs to a union and is paid at least a minimum daily wage that is referred to as scale. Television productions may choose to employ a body double for the run of the series, or on as needed basis."

[artemis]

"Mila Kunis Cast Her Body Double For ‘Friends With Benefits’

Upsetting news for Mila Kunis lovers: the sultry actress used a butt double in "Friends With Benefits." The derriere is a fake! And yet, this revelation is hardly surprising. It is fairly standard in Hollywood to hire stand-ins for stars who are skittish about flashing naked body parts on camera; what's unusual, however, is when stars get a full say in casting their own stand-ins, as Kunis did for "Benefits."

"These young ladies came in and they were in the casting room and I was there with the casting director and make-up artist," Kunis says in an interview on Ryan Seacrest's radio show. "These lovely women had to show us their derrieres and the chosen one resembled my body the most without looking like it's fake."

[artemis]

"Body double to become saviour in tellyland

In fact, the TV industry has a number of 'duplicates' who come to the rescue of actors as ready substitutes. To name a few... Aasiya Kazi from Bandini, Ratan Rajput from Agle Janam Mohe Bitiya Hi Kijo, Roshni Parekh from Ek Chutki Aasman, Shubhangi Atre from Do Hanso Ka Jodaa that went off air recently, Amrapali Dubey from Rehna Hai Teri Palkon Ki Chhaon Mein and Ronit Roy from Bandini are said to be using body doubles to make sure that the show goes on in their absence.

So how much do body doubles help? "Television actors are very busy these days. Sometimes we have three units and we can't cope up with all in a single one day. That's when body doubles become useful," says Aasiya Kazi, lead actress of Bandini. "The work pressure gets reduced to some extent and it makes life a tad easy when we are juggling with multiple tasks. Moreover, it helps the show's continuity," she adds.

From a producer's point of view, a body double can reduce the trauma of having to wait for the star to arrive on the sets. "Using a body double involves a lot of money. Body doubles are not expensive, but the entire process adds more money to the budget of the show. The actor for whom the body double is used either comes early or late after the scene is shot. But the money spent behind the location, lights and other people involved is substantial," says producer Sunil Bora.

While some actors seem to be availing body doubles as a means to squeeze in time for other things, many are of the opinion that there should be a genuine reason why an actor should opt for this alternative. "I don't quite like the idea of a body double but recently I had to use one because I fell sick. I am thankful to the duplicates as they make our life better during difficult times," says Ratan Rajput from Agle Janam Mohe Bitiya hi Kijo.

Body doubles should be used only in case of emergency is the general opinion. As Sukesh Motwani, fiction head of an entertainment channel, says, "Body doubles are not the most ideal replacement for a missing artist. Of course, they come handy in case of an emergency. It's like a technical device and used only once in 15 scenes. They are just shot for 10-15 seconds. But as a broadcaster we don't encourage body doubles." Does using a body double for an actor hampers his/her image? "I feel using duplicates destroys the entire image of an actor because in the end it is the performance that suffers. In the entire process the co-actor too faces difficulty," says Ratan.

However, Sukesh argues, "It doesn't spoil the image of an actor as only the back is shown to the viewer."

Viewers feel using body doubles regularly amounts to deceiving them, but actors disagree. "It's not like that. If the reason is genuine, then it is okay. But if actors are using it just to mint more money elsewhere then it is not acceptable," says Ratan. And rightly so. In the current times when actors are avaible in abundance, one surely doesn't need those who don't ahve the time to shoot their own scenes."

[artemis]

"Actors Posing With Their Stunt Doubles"

twistedsifter.com/2012/05/actors-and-their-stunt-doubles-photos-gallery/


"Though Dafoe fearlessly tackles a role that is as much a physical challenge as a mental one, he did not have to worry about the frontal nudity that was required. Instead, a porn actor was used as a body double. "Even if Lars wanted me to do it, I don't think it's such a good idea," he says. "It would be such a distraction. In some way, you intuit that that's not me." (about his ANTICHRIST role)

[artemis]

"Who knew? Even supermodels use body doubles

During the 1995 Super Bowl, Cindy Crawford starred in a series of big budget commercials for Blockbuster Visa, during which the sexy supermodel walked outside a fancy hotel, causing two taxis to almost collide.

Except she didn't.

The exterior shot was done with an entirely different model, Nicole Clark, a body double done up to look like Crawford.

“Cindy had a speaking role so she did her close-ups and dialogue. Her time was limited because she was busy with her roles in ‘House of Style’ and her first feature ‘Fair Game,’” Clark told FOX411’s Pop Tarts column. “Thus there was a need for a double.”

Indeed while we constantly hear about actors and actresses and their body doubles, it turns out even supermodels, who earn their living based solely on their perfect bodies and faces, often use doubles with even more flawless bodies and skin.

“If there is a girl with better legs, and the commercial has a scene where the shot only shows legs, then it makes sense to use the model with the better legs,” Nadja Atwal, a former model who now manages the likes of “Real Housewives of Miami” star Joanna Krupa, and Guess by Marciano model Julia Lescova, explained. “My friend, the German actress and model Alexandra Kamp, was known for having the best legs in town and doubled several international top models for commercials.”

Petite model Isobella Jade has doubled for celebrities such as Christina Ricci and for Rachel Bilson on editorial shoots, as well as a "parts" models for everyone from Victoria’s Secret to Easy Spirit to Seventeen Magazine. She said people are always surprised to learn that models often require an on-set twin.

“Not all models have nice hands, feet or behinds. So a body parts model is often used to make up for the giraffe tall fashion model’s flaws. That’s why I tell shorter, aspiring models about other avenues that involve using the important ‘other assets’ to book work,” she explained. “Usually the model double has to have a similar skin tone to the featured model, measurements, and similar hair style, perhaps a bra cup-size and shoe size. It just depends on what the company is trying to accomplish.”

And there is more to it than just simply standing there and resembling a familiar face and figure.

“When I was younger, I had to break in the heels and film initial takes of running scenes – resulting in bloody feet and bloody shoes,” she recalled. “But I feel sorry for the actress that had to wear them after me.”

On other occasions, the model double is required to stand in place of the model while the photographer sets up the shot and ensures the best lighting and placement. Former model Nicole Weider said the most “eye-awakening” job she ever did was as a stand-in for Victoria’s Secret Angel Adriana Lima.

“Having my bra adjusted many times by several strangers on the set while I was waiting for the model to start shooting, I realized modeling lingerie was embarrassing and uncomfortable and not glamorous at all,” she said.

Model doubles can also cut significant production costs, and protect the more famous face from showing their “bad side” to the world.

“If a model is booked for a three-day commercial out of which one day the commercial shows the model's body parts, or from the back, or if the focus is on another person, the stand-in model/body double will take the place of the expensive supermodel and the brands saves tens of thousands of dollars,” Atwal explained. “Some commercials also have very sexy scenes which some supermodels don’t feel comfortable with, like some top actresses don't like sex scenes, so for that purpose, a body double also makes sense wherever the camera moves away from the face."

According to Linda Teglovic, owner of the agency Body Parts Models Inc., there is no body part that doesn’t need a double at some point.

“There are a lot of girls who body double butts and hands. Hands are the most common, and a lot of the supermodels don't have good hands, or full body, or legs,” she said. “A major electronics company called and all they wanted is ears, and we don't have an ears division, they didn't say what type, so we used all of our hand models and made them ear models. I worked so hard on it and they ended up using only two ears."

And while supermodels take home the big bucks, their lookalikes can carve quite lucrative careers as well, earning as much as $1,000 a day. Atwal said that even years ago she earned $500 a day for doubling her hands and cleavage, noting that hand models are in particularly high demand.

But being a body double can take its toll.

“I realized I was in a disservice to women,” said Clark, who despite her Crawford-esque stunning exterior, turned her back on the big checks, haute couture and fashion industry all together. “I realized I was doing a disservice to all the girls in my world.”

And while filling Lima’s shoes (or rather, her bra) Weider had a similar revelation.

“The (job) was like a dream come true at first. I had always looked up to those models. But it turned out to be a hard look at the falsity of the modeling industry in general, and it really changed my perspective,” she said. “The picture-perfect models that companies advertise often wear tons of extensions to elongate and thicken hair, their entire bodies are bronzed and contoured I was sick and tired of how degraded I started to feel. I felt that my worth was only based on how I looked. But now my experience in Hollywood has allowed me to help other girls understand how damaging the industry can be.”

[artemis]

"Sexy Body Doubles of the Stars"

www.listal.com/list/234


"AC Actor Aaron Farb suits up as Batman Body Double in The Dark Knight Rises"

[sherlok]

I've worked as a stand-in and body double and have worked alongside many stunt and other doubles. If you saw the faces of some of these people who double for the stars you'd laugh. For example, the photo double for Dakota Fanning on "War of the Worlds" (only seen from the rear) was an adult male.

[J Gimmysum Truth]

Sherlock is a professional doppelgänger!

A true expert for the forum.

[artemis]

Tell us more, Sherlock, we wanna hear....

[artemis]

"Jean Claude Van Damme's Spitting Image Stunt Double - Jean Claude Van Damme talks about his former, nearly identical stunt double"

omg.yahoo.com/yo-show/jean-claude-van-damme-s-spitting-image-stunt-double-30311963.html