Post by beatlies on Mar 5, 2009 1:56:43 GMT -5
A Nation Betrayed
The Chilling True Story
of
Secret Cold War Experiments Performed on our Children
and
Other Innocent People
by Carol Rutz
Retail Price: $20 includes shipping via media mail, send order to:
$25 via priority mail
$30 via global priority mail
Fidelity Publishing L.L.C.
P.O. Box 365
Grass Lake, MI 49240-0365
Size: 5 ½ x 8 ½
264 pages
Trade Paperback
Author: Rutz, Carol
ISBN: 0-9710102-0-X
To inquire about subsidiary rights (including completed screenplay adaptation), contact White Orchid Literary & Talent
Could You Be One of the People Who Was Used as a Guinea Pig by Your Own Government?
Using electroshock, drugs, hypnosis, sensory deprivation and other types of trauma the CIA conducted Mind Control experiments on children in their attempt to create a Manchurian Candidate.
Thousands of innocent children who have now grown into adults are silently suffering from the effects of these experiments.
Your tax dollars paid doctors to participate in these and other experiments in ESP, Remote Viewing, Radiation and research with Chemical and Biological Warfare while working under government contracts in the U. S. and Canada.
Read the PROOF obtained from 18,000 pages of declassified documents from
Bluebird/Artichoke and MKULTRA Projects
and
Documentation and Testimony from Survivors of these Cold War Tests.
LSD, Mustard Gas and Lewisite Testing on Military Personnel
“Between 1955 and 1975 the US Army enrolled 6720 soldiers in an experimental exposure program of chemical warfare and other agents at Edgewood Arsenal, MD. 254 chemicals were administered in an experimental setting.“
Use of Volunteers in Chemical Agent Research, U.S. Army
“Based on interviews, some tentative conclusions may be drawn regarding the ethical milieu of medical research in the 1940's and '50's. In the absence of an established code of conduct, other influences guided investigator behavior. Some perhaps caught up in the excitement of research or the desire to advance their career, used patients as subjects of investigation without their knowledge or consent. Others relied on the power and prestige of their position to convince subjects to participate even when benefit was questionable or nonexistent, and even in the absence of complete information.
Members of the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments
Publication Date: July 2001
Book contains a Complete Index
Email Carol Rutz at casey@dmci.net with questions.
Table of Contents
Preface
Part I Mind Control Experiments on Children
Prologue
1 The Spoils of War
2 A Star is Born
3 Home Sweet Home
4 Men Behind the Shadow Government
5 Training for the Agency
6 Dr. Black Joseph Mengele survivor sightings
7 Conclusion
MKULTRA Documents
Part II Radiation, Biological and Chemical Experiments
Radiation Experiments *
Human Research at the Bomb Tests
Flashblindness Experiments
Research On Protective Clothes
Human Radiation Experiments
Infants, Children and Pregnant Women
The Iodine 131 Experiment in Alaska
The Oregon and Washington Experiments
The Green Run
Other
Biological and Chemical Experiments
Sea Dumping of Chemical Weapons
Human Testing
The Incapacitant Program
LSD Testing
Biological Weapons and Testing
Open Air Testing
Army Contracts with Outside Agency's
FOIA Requests
Appeal to Lawmakers by MKULTRA Targeted Individuals
End Notes
Index
Read the Preface of book Copyright © 2001
This is the story of someone you know-your neighbor, your classmate, your brother or sister, your mother or father. It is the secret they have been holding within their hearts, because they were afraid the American public could not believe their government would carry out human experimentation on children in direct defiance of the Nuremberg Code, which has been "official" United States policy since 1946.
Some of the very same Nazi doctors who worked in mental institutions before WW II, deciding whether mentally deficient children should be sterilized or killed because of their defective genes, also carried out horrendous experiments in the death camps. Their medical expertise, along with hundreds of Nazi scientists was considered so vital to the "Cold War" effort; that they would be brought into the United States and Canada to work side by side with some of the greatest but most perverse minds the 20th century would ever see.
In September 1999 the Department of Justice succeeded in denaturalizing 63 participants in Nazi acts of persecution; and in removing 52 such individuals from this country. This appears to be but a small portion of those who actually were brought here by our own government. A 1999 report to the Senate and the House said, "that between 1945 and 1955, 765 scientists, engineers, and technicians were brought to the United States under Overcast, Paperclip, and similar programs. It has been estimated that at least half, and perhaps as many as 80 percent of the imported specialists were former Nazi Party members."
Not all of those imported participated in experiments, but some did. A number of these scientists were recruited to work for the Air Force's School of Aviation Medicine (SAM) at Brooks Air Force Base in Texas, where dozens of human radiation experiments were conducted during the Cold War. Among them were flashblindness studies in connection with atomic weapons tests and data gathering for total-body irradiation studies conducted in Houston. The experiments for which Nazi investigators were tried included many related to aviation research. Hubertus Strughold, called "the father of space medicine," had a long career at the SAM, including the recruitment of other Paperclip scientists in Germany. On September 24, 1995 the Jewish Telegraphic Agency reported that as head of Nazi Germany's Air Force Institute for Aviation Medicine, Strughold participated in a 1942 conference that discussed "experiments" on human beings. The experiments included subjecting Dachau concentration camp inmates to torture and death.
The Edgewood Arsenal of the Army's Chemical Corps as well as other military research sites recruited these scientists with backgrounds in aeromedicine, radiobiology, and ophthalmology. Edgewood Arsenal, Maryland ended up conducting experiments on more than seven thousand American soldiers. Using Auschwitz documents as a guide, they conducted the same type of poison gas experiments that had been done in the secret I. G. Farben laboratories.
Wright Patterson Airforce Base in Ohio employed several German Peenemunde scientists, brought there by Army Air Force Colonel Donald Putt. Peenemunde Aerodynamics Institute built the V-2 rockets and German fighter jets using forced slave labor from the Karlshagen concentration camp. The Peenemunde team leader, Wernher von Braun, became the first director of the Marshall Space Flight Center. Just two weeks after the moon landing, von Braun confessed in a letter to an Army General, that he had been a member of the SS. "It's true that I was a member of Hitler's elite SS. The columnist was correct. I would appreciate it if you would keep the information to yourself, as any publicity would harm my work with NASA."
Former Peenemunde General Walter Dornberger became vice president of Bell Aircraft Co. after he ended his employment at Wright-Patterson Airforce Base where he worked on a classified rocketry program. Dornberger controlled the production schedule for building the Nordhausen rocket works at the Dora concentration camp where over 20,000 prisoners were killed through starvation, disease, or execution.
A Congressional subcommittee hearing in 1994 revealed that up to 500,000 Americans were endangered by secret defense-related tests between 1940 and 1974. These included covert experiments with radioactive materials, mustard gas, LSD, and biological agents. The General Accounting Office testified that between 1949 and 1969, the Army released radioactive compounds in 239 cities to study the effects.
Experiments began in the 1930's and continued on for the next four decades.
· The government admitted wrongdoing in the 1932 Tuskegee Experiments, where poor black African American sharecroppers from Macon County, Alabama were allowed to go untreated for their syphilis so the effects could be studied. When physicians and researchers involved with the United States Public Health Service offered them free medical care, they believed they had found treatment for what they had been told was "bad blood." Instead, they were enrolled in an observational research study, without their knowledge or consent. Even though some rudimentary remedies for syphilis were available in the early years of the study, they were not offered to these men, so that the study of the natural history of the untreated disease would not be jeopardized. This study did not end until 1972, forty years after it had begun, and twenty years after penicillin had been identified as an effective treatment for syphilis. On May 16, 1997, President Clinton apologized to the survivors and families of hundreds of men used in this research project.
· Twelve human "guinea pigs" were secretly injected with radioactive Plutonium 239 and uranium in government experiments in the 1940’s. Energy Secretary Hazel O’Leary, in announcing the settlement of $4.8 million to be paid to their families, said the government was "grateful" to the victims for "the tough lessons they have taught us about trust, responsibility, and accountability between the government and the people."
· Less known were such experiments as the feeding of radioactive cereal in the 1940s and 1950s to young male children who were institutionalized at the Fernald School in Massachusetts. The researchers had little experience with radionuclides in humans; consequently this approach to medical investigation gave them that opportunity. The parents as well as the children were simply told they were being fed a diet rich in iron. According to oral testimony given before the President's Advisory Committee on Human Radiation, they were told they belonged to the Science Club to make them feel special and then taken to the MIT Faculty Club where it was easier to control them. One researcher said, "It would be nice to do something for them because these kids have been involved, we've had to jab them [with needles], and they had to eat a meal every little drop of it, because you wanted to be sure they got 100 percent of the radioactivity wouldn’t it be nice to do something for them?"
· Atomic tests on 2584 military personnel in the Nevada desert in 1953.
· During the 1950s and 1960s Dr. Saul Krugman of New York University conducted studies of hepatitis at the Willowbrook State School, an institution for the severely mentally retarded. Krugman and his staff systematically infected newly arrived children between the ages of three and eleven with strains of the virus obtained from the feces of Willowbrook hepatitis patients. This was done to study the natural history, effects, and progression of the disease. In 1972 Geraldo Rivera wrote an expose entitled Willowbrook, in which he reported that one hundred percent of the patients contacted hepatitis within six months of being in this institution. Obviously, he was unaware of the intentional infection of these children. When he saw them he compared them to photographs he had seen of the Nazi death camps. When Bobby Kennedy toured this institution in September of 1965 he said, "At Willowbrook we have a situation that borders on a snake pit: . . . the children live in filth . . ." The Journal of the American Medical Association actually went so far as to credit Krugman’s "judicious use of human beings." Franz Inglefinger, who later became the editor of the New England Journal of Medicine went even further by saying, "By being allowed to participate in a carefully supervised study and by receiving the most expert attention available for a disease of basically unknown nature, the patients themselves benefited . . . How much better to have a patient with hepatitis accidentally or deliberately acquired under the guidance of a Krugman, than under the care of a rights-minded zealot."
· Retarded children at D.C. Children’s Center in Laurel in a section called the District Training School were used as human guinea pigs for both private industry and the government. Among the experiments, was the testing of NeoBazine a diet pill commonly referred to as "rainbow pills." They contained thyroxin, which caused tremors, nervousness, insomnia, and tachycardia. It was being tested for its safety and efficiency. In October 1964 the FDA found that the drug was not safe for use. In 1962 the children were again used to test a drug for skin diseases, which doctors strongly suspected caused serious side effects to the human liver. More than half the children tested suffered some liver dysfunction. Eight were admitted to D.C. General Hospital for intensive care. That same year, 17 Laurel Center children were used to study thyroid hormone metabolism in children. The children were injected with thyroxin mixed with radioactive iodine to aid doctors in tracing a body process. As you can see, there was a clear pattern of using innocent children who had no way of protecting themselves.
· Alexander Cockburn describes a 1960 Army Chemical Corps experiment where mosquitoes with yellow fever and dengue fever were dispersed in Savannah, Georgia and Avon Park, Florida. According to Cockburn, "Carver Village, which was exclusively black, was the target for these experiments. Residents at the time reported fevers, bronchitis, typhoid, encephalitis, stillbirths, also mysterious deaths."
Dr. Alan W. Scheflin, Professor of law at Santa Clara University Law School, and a judicially recognized expert in mind and behavior control states in a letter dated March 9, 1995, that secret government mind control experimentation is ongoing and vastly more expansive than the government authorities are willing to admit. He also is co-author of a nonfiction book entitled The Mind Manipulators, which was published in a dozen countries. He says that he has been studying these secret programs since 1975 and it is his conclusion that there are at minimum hundreds, and most likely thousands of American citizens who were used as guinea pigs against their will in government research projects. What he does not say is that most of the children used in these experiments were sold by one of their caretakers in the name of "National Security" and subjected to untold horrors at the hands of their government. In light of so many abuses of power coming before the public in recent years, many adult survivors of these childhood experiments are stepping forward to be heard.
In October 1995 the President’s Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments reported that secret radiation experiments on indigent patients and mentally retarded children were not only done, but that these people were deceived about the nature of their treatments. Dr. William Silverman asserted that performing nontherapeutic experiments on children without authorization from parents was part of a broader "ethos of the time" in which "everyone was a draftee" in a national war on disease.
In most cases the experiments involving radiation, chemical and biological warfare materials were carried out on an unsuspecting public. These are listed in Part II of this book. Government mind control experiments using drugs, sensory deprivation, hypnosis, and electric shock were used on adults and children to gain control of their minds. Impossible, you say. I wish it were. We live in such a sheltered little world. It’s much easier to believe that violence and mind control belong to a few scattered cults.
In a decision dated April 16, 1985 Chief Justice Burger of the United States Court of Appeals delivered the opinion of the Court in the case of CIA v. SIMS, 471 U.S. 159. This case focused around the publics right under the Freedom of Information Act, to have declassified the grant proposals and contracts, and the names of the institutions and individuals who had performed research under the CIA financed research project, code-named MKULTRA.
MKULTRA was established to counter soviet and Chinese advances in brainwashing and interrogation techniques and consisted of 149 subprojects contracted out to at least 80 institutions. In 1977 Director of Intelligence Stansfield Turner described in an affidavit, that the program was initiated because the Agency was confronted with "learning the state of the art of behavioral modification at a time when the U.S. Government was concerned about inexplicable behavior of persons behind the 'iron curtain' and American prisoners of war who had been subjected to so called brainwashing."
It began with a proposal from Richard Helms, who outlined a special funding mechanism for highly sensitive Agency research and development projects that would study the use of biological and chemical materials in altering human behavior. Allen Dulles approved MKULTRA on April 13, 1953. Twenty years after the conception of the MKULTRA project, all known files pertaining to it were ordered destroyed by Richard Helms before he retired.
In 1977 through a Freedom of Information Act request by John Marks, 16,000 pages of documents were found, held as part of the Agency’s financial history. Further attempts at declassification resulted in the decision rendered by Chief Justice Burger that the "intelligence sources" who were guaranteed confidentiality at the time of these CIA funded research projects would continue to remain protected and classified.
To those of us who have survived these experiments, this decision means that our stories will continue to lie in the government vaults of classified materials. Most of the important details were conveniently destroyed under orders of Richard Helms to conceal their wrongdoing. Think what would have happened if the records of the Holocaust had met the same fate. The disappearance of six million people could have remained a question mark in history.
As a survivor of CIA programs Bluebird/Artichoke and MKULTRA, I began my intense search to document some of the mind control experiments that I was made part of, starting at the tender age of four. Through a series of FOIA requests to various departments of the government, I have amassed an incredible amount of material that validates my personal experiences. The CIA bought my services from my grandfather in 1952. Over the next twelve years, I was tested, trained, and used in various ways. Electroshock, drugs, hypnosis, sensory deprivation, and other types of trauma were used to make me compliant and split my personality. The "Manchurian Candidate", where a programmed alter or personality is created to respond to a post-hypnotic trigger then perform an act and not remember it later, was just one of the operational uses of the mind control scenario by the CIA. A reliable truth serum would be another. In Bluebird, Dr. Colin Ross documents the deliberate creation of Multiple Personality by psychiatrists working under government contracts. Your hard earned tax dollars supported this, as well as experiments on extrasensory perception and remote viewing, all of which I was tested and trained for.
CIA personnel were not opposed to working with Nazi doctors who had proven to be proficient in breaking the mind and rebuilding it. To perform these experiments they also used the expertise and knowledge of doctors at private hospitals with whom they made contractual agreements. In some cases military bases were used to hide these covert activities.
On December 17, 1999 I turned 52 years old. On that day I received three CD ROMs from the CIA in response to my FOIA request. Forty-eight years after I was first experimented on, I found solid proof of my memories--proof that was in the government vaults of the nearly 18,000 pages of declassified documents from the Bluebird/Artichoke and MKULTRA programs. One of the documents specifically stated that experimental studies of the postulated abilities of a few specially gifted subjects would be conducted. The document states, "that in working with individual subjects, special attention will be given to dissociative states which tend to accompany spontaneous ESP experiences. Such states can be induced and controlled to some extent with hypnosis and drugs . . . The data used in the study will be obtained from special groups such as psychotics, children and mediums . . ."
The document continues, "Learning studies will be instituted in which the subject will be rewarded or punished for his overall performance and reinforced in various ways--by being told whether he was right, by being told what the target was, with electric shock etc." The proposal then goes on to say, "In other cases drugs and psychological tricks will be used to modify his attitudes. The experimenters will be particularly interested in dissociative states, from the abaissement de niveau mental, to multiple personality in so-called mediums; and an attempt will be made to induce a number of states of this kind, using hypnosis." The government had finally handed me the validation I had been searching for. To say my heart stopped that day is almost true.
My goal in writing this book is to expose the misuse of power that took place in this country during the Cold War. Thousands of innocent children who have now grown into adults are silently suffering from the effects of the experiments that were done to them by their own government. Many have been diagnosed incorrectly and institutionalized. Some died because they knew too much. Others, like myself, were able to obtain competent medical help, and are struggling to heal from the physical and mental ravages upon our beings.
In recounting some of the incidents that happened to me as part of these experiments, I ask that you remember that I have attempted to be as accurate as possible. Some of these events were remembered during flashbacks and abreactions. During an abreaction, a person feels just like they are reliving the event; accompanied by all the sensory stimulation and original emotional responses. Abreaction is common in soldiers who are having posttraumatic stress syndrome, where they actually feel they are back on the battlefield.
The brain is somewhat like a phonograph record, it records the original happening. With Dissociative Identity Disorder, amnesia is created for the traumatic incident to save the young child's sanity. When the amnesiac barriers are removed, it is like putting the needle back on the track of the record where the original memory is stored.
In my case, post-hypnotic suggestions were used after programming sessions, which also created an amnesiac barrier. When the wall to these memories was broken down and the events relived, I would document them in bits and pieces by journaling, drawing and painting. Some of the things I remembered seemed bizarre, and I oftentimes questioned my own sanity. Only after all the pieces of one memory would come together, would I finally get a true picture of exactly what had been done. This is also when I truly began to heal.
For skeptics, no proof will be enough. For others, like myself, unraveling the bizarre nature of my memories has allowed me to regain control of my life. My greatest gift of healing has been to no longer operate out of fear, but from a rational, logical based reality. Choices to live, love and create that were taken from me through the fragmentation of my mind can now be explored.
Some people have asked, "Why now do you choose to speak out?" I prefer to let an Auschwitz-Birkenau survivor of the Mengele Twins experiments speak for me. When asked how she felt while she was being used as a guinea pig she said,
"My answer is that emotional scars are so deep that only now, more than 40 years later, are we attempting to face our past and come to terms with it."
I ask those same people. How can we envision the future without visiting the past? Will we let this story lay in the shadows forever, or do we have the courage to address these wrongs and give survivors back their voices? You be the judge.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ETHICS, Request to the NIH Bioethics Group, April 5, 1999
In so much as the Inter-Institute Bioethics Interest Group is currently considering research in bioethics, the Advocacy Committee for Human Experimentation Survivors wishes to apprise the group of the passing of the fourth anniversary of the testimony of two survivors, Claudia Mullen and Chris DeNicola Ebner with their therapist, Valerie Wolf, before the Presidents Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments in March, 1995. The President’s Committee recommended further exploration of this testimony which concerned the sadistic experimentation upon children, for the purposes of mind control and other unwitting uses. To date, no such investigation into these claims or others by additional survivors of radiation, chemical and biological experimentation perpetrated upon them as unwitting children, had been initiated.
The Chilling True Story
of
Secret Cold War Experiments Performed on our Children
and
Other Innocent People
by Carol Rutz
Retail Price: $20 includes shipping via media mail, send order to:
$25 via priority mail
$30 via global priority mail
Fidelity Publishing L.L.C.
P.O. Box 365
Grass Lake, MI 49240-0365
Size: 5 ½ x 8 ½
264 pages
Trade Paperback
Author: Rutz, Carol
ISBN: 0-9710102-0-X
To inquire about subsidiary rights (including completed screenplay adaptation), contact White Orchid Literary & Talent
Could You Be One of the People Who Was Used as a Guinea Pig by Your Own Government?
Using electroshock, drugs, hypnosis, sensory deprivation and other types of trauma the CIA conducted Mind Control experiments on children in their attempt to create a Manchurian Candidate.
Thousands of innocent children who have now grown into adults are silently suffering from the effects of these experiments.
Your tax dollars paid doctors to participate in these and other experiments in ESP, Remote Viewing, Radiation and research with Chemical and Biological Warfare while working under government contracts in the U. S. and Canada.
Read the PROOF obtained from 18,000 pages of declassified documents from
Bluebird/Artichoke and MKULTRA Projects
and
Documentation and Testimony from Survivors of these Cold War Tests.
LSD, Mustard Gas and Lewisite Testing on Military Personnel
“Between 1955 and 1975 the US Army enrolled 6720 soldiers in an experimental exposure program of chemical warfare and other agents at Edgewood Arsenal, MD. 254 chemicals were administered in an experimental setting.“
Use of Volunteers in Chemical Agent Research, U.S. Army
“Based on interviews, some tentative conclusions may be drawn regarding the ethical milieu of medical research in the 1940's and '50's. In the absence of an established code of conduct, other influences guided investigator behavior. Some perhaps caught up in the excitement of research or the desire to advance their career, used patients as subjects of investigation without their knowledge or consent. Others relied on the power and prestige of their position to convince subjects to participate even when benefit was questionable or nonexistent, and even in the absence of complete information.
Members of the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments
Publication Date: July 2001
Book contains a Complete Index
Email Carol Rutz at casey@dmci.net with questions.
Table of Contents
Preface
Part I Mind Control Experiments on Children
Prologue
1 The Spoils of War
2 A Star is Born
3 Home Sweet Home
4 Men Behind the Shadow Government
5 Training for the Agency
6 Dr. Black Joseph Mengele survivor sightings
7 Conclusion
MKULTRA Documents
Part II Radiation, Biological and Chemical Experiments
Radiation Experiments *
Human Research at the Bomb Tests
Flashblindness Experiments
Research On Protective Clothes
Human Radiation Experiments
Infants, Children and Pregnant Women
The Iodine 131 Experiment in Alaska
The Oregon and Washington Experiments
The Green Run
Other
Biological and Chemical Experiments
Sea Dumping of Chemical Weapons
Human Testing
The Incapacitant Program
LSD Testing
Biological Weapons and Testing
Open Air Testing
Army Contracts with Outside Agency's
FOIA Requests
Appeal to Lawmakers by MKULTRA Targeted Individuals
End Notes
Index
Read the Preface of book Copyright © 2001
This is the story of someone you know-your neighbor, your classmate, your brother or sister, your mother or father. It is the secret they have been holding within their hearts, because they were afraid the American public could not believe their government would carry out human experimentation on children in direct defiance of the Nuremberg Code, which has been "official" United States policy since 1946.
Some of the very same Nazi doctors who worked in mental institutions before WW II, deciding whether mentally deficient children should be sterilized or killed because of their defective genes, also carried out horrendous experiments in the death camps. Their medical expertise, along with hundreds of Nazi scientists was considered so vital to the "Cold War" effort; that they would be brought into the United States and Canada to work side by side with some of the greatest but most perverse minds the 20th century would ever see.
In September 1999 the Department of Justice succeeded in denaturalizing 63 participants in Nazi acts of persecution; and in removing 52 such individuals from this country. This appears to be but a small portion of those who actually were brought here by our own government. A 1999 report to the Senate and the House said, "that between 1945 and 1955, 765 scientists, engineers, and technicians were brought to the United States under Overcast, Paperclip, and similar programs. It has been estimated that at least half, and perhaps as many as 80 percent of the imported specialists were former Nazi Party members."
Not all of those imported participated in experiments, but some did. A number of these scientists were recruited to work for the Air Force's School of Aviation Medicine (SAM) at Brooks Air Force Base in Texas, where dozens of human radiation experiments were conducted during the Cold War. Among them were flashblindness studies in connection with atomic weapons tests and data gathering for total-body irradiation studies conducted in Houston. The experiments for which Nazi investigators were tried included many related to aviation research. Hubertus Strughold, called "the father of space medicine," had a long career at the SAM, including the recruitment of other Paperclip scientists in Germany. On September 24, 1995 the Jewish Telegraphic Agency reported that as head of Nazi Germany's Air Force Institute for Aviation Medicine, Strughold participated in a 1942 conference that discussed "experiments" on human beings. The experiments included subjecting Dachau concentration camp inmates to torture and death.
The Edgewood Arsenal of the Army's Chemical Corps as well as other military research sites recruited these scientists with backgrounds in aeromedicine, radiobiology, and ophthalmology. Edgewood Arsenal, Maryland ended up conducting experiments on more than seven thousand American soldiers. Using Auschwitz documents as a guide, they conducted the same type of poison gas experiments that had been done in the secret I. G. Farben laboratories.
Wright Patterson Airforce Base in Ohio employed several German Peenemunde scientists, brought there by Army Air Force Colonel Donald Putt. Peenemunde Aerodynamics Institute built the V-2 rockets and German fighter jets using forced slave labor from the Karlshagen concentration camp. The Peenemunde team leader, Wernher von Braun, became the first director of the Marshall Space Flight Center. Just two weeks after the moon landing, von Braun confessed in a letter to an Army General, that he had been a member of the SS. "It's true that I was a member of Hitler's elite SS. The columnist was correct. I would appreciate it if you would keep the information to yourself, as any publicity would harm my work with NASA."
Former Peenemunde General Walter Dornberger became vice president of Bell Aircraft Co. after he ended his employment at Wright-Patterson Airforce Base where he worked on a classified rocketry program. Dornberger controlled the production schedule for building the Nordhausen rocket works at the Dora concentration camp where over 20,000 prisoners were killed through starvation, disease, or execution.
A Congressional subcommittee hearing in 1994 revealed that up to 500,000 Americans were endangered by secret defense-related tests between 1940 and 1974. These included covert experiments with radioactive materials, mustard gas, LSD, and biological agents. The General Accounting Office testified that between 1949 and 1969, the Army released radioactive compounds in 239 cities to study the effects.
Experiments began in the 1930's and continued on for the next four decades.
· The government admitted wrongdoing in the 1932 Tuskegee Experiments, where poor black African American sharecroppers from Macon County, Alabama were allowed to go untreated for their syphilis so the effects could be studied. When physicians and researchers involved with the United States Public Health Service offered them free medical care, they believed they had found treatment for what they had been told was "bad blood." Instead, they were enrolled in an observational research study, without their knowledge or consent. Even though some rudimentary remedies for syphilis were available in the early years of the study, they were not offered to these men, so that the study of the natural history of the untreated disease would not be jeopardized. This study did not end until 1972, forty years after it had begun, and twenty years after penicillin had been identified as an effective treatment for syphilis. On May 16, 1997, President Clinton apologized to the survivors and families of hundreds of men used in this research project.
· Twelve human "guinea pigs" were secretly injected with radioactive Plutonium 239 and uranium in government experiments in the 1940’s. Energy Secretary Hazel O’Leary, in announcing the settlement of $4.8 million to be paid to their families, said the government was "grateful" to the victims for "the tough lessons they have taught us about trust, responsibility, and accountability between the government and the people."
· Less known were such experiments as the feeding of radioactive cereal in the 1940s and 1950s to young male children who were institutionalized at the Fernald School in Massachusetts. The researchers had little experience with radionuclides in humans; consequently this approach to medical investigation gave them that opportunity. The parents as well as the children were simply told they were being fed a diet rich in iron. According to oral testimony given before the President's Advisory Committee on Human Radiation, they were told they belonged to the Science Club to make them feel special and then taken to the MIT Faculty Club where it was easier to control them. One researcher said, "It would be nice to do something for them because these kids have been involved, we've had to jab them [with needles], and they had to eat a meal every little drop of it, because you wanted to be sure they got 100 percent of the radioactivity wouldn’t it be nice to do something for them?"
· Atomic tests on 2584 military personnel in the Nevada desert in 1953.
· During the 1950s and 1960s Dr. Saul Krugman of New York University conducted studies of hepatitis at the Willowbrook State School, an institution for the severely mentally retarded. Krugman and his staff systematically infected newly arrived children between the ages of three and eleven with strains of the virus obtained from the feces of Willowbrook hepatitis patients. This was done to study the natural history, effects, and progression of the disease. In 1972 Geraldo Rivera wrote an expose entitled Willowbrook, in which he reported that one hundred percent of the patients contacted hepatitis within six months of being in this institution. Obviously, he was unaware of the intentional infection of these children. When he saw them he compared them to photographs he had seen of the Nazi death camps. When Bobby Kennedy toured this institution in September of 1965 he said, "At Willowbrook we have a situation that borders on a snake pit: . . . the children live in filth . . ." The Journal of the American Medical Association actually went so far as to credit Krugman’s "judicious use of human beings." Franz Inglefinger, who later became the editor of the New England Journal of Medicine went even further by saying, "By being allowed to participate in a carefully supervised study and by receiving the most expert attention available for a disease of basically unknown nature, the patients themselves benefited . . . How much better to have a patient with hepatitis accidentally or deliberately acquired under the guidance of a Krugman, than under the care of a rights-minded zealot."
· Retarded children at D.C. Children’s Center in Laurel in a section called the District Training School were used as human guinea pigs for both private industry and the government. Among the experiments, was the testing of NeoBazine a diet pill commonly referred to as "rainbow pills." They contained thyroxin, which caused tremors, nervousness, insomnia, and tachycardia. It was being tested for its safety and efficiency. In October 1964 the FDA found that the drug was not safe for use. In 1962 the children were again used to test a drug for skin diseases, which doctors strongly suspected caused serious side effects to the human liver. More than half the children tested suffered some liver dysfunction. Eight were admitted to D.C. General Hospital for intensive care. That same year, 17 Laurel Center children were used to study thyroid hormone metabolism in children. The children were injected with thyroxin mixed with radioactive iodine to aid doctors in tracing a body process. As you can see, there was a clear pattern of using innocent children who had no way of protecting themselves.
· Alexander Cockburn describes a 1960 Army Chemical Corps experiment where mosquitoes with yellow fever and dengue fever were dispersed in Savannah, Georgia and Avon Park, Florida. According to Cockburn, "Carver Village, which was exclusively black, was the target for these experiments. Residents at the time reported fevers, bronchitis, typhoid, encephalitis, stillbirths, also mysterious deaths."
Dr. Alan W. Scheflin, Professor of law at Santa Clara University Law School, and a judicially recognized expert in mind and behavior control states in a letter dated March 9, 1995, that secret government mind control experimentation is ongoing and vastly more expansive than the government authorities are willing to admit. He also is co-author of a nonfiction book entitled The Mind Manipulators, which was published in a dozen countries. He says that he has been studying these secret programs since 1975 and it is his conclusion that there are at minimum hundreds, and most likely thousands of American citizens who were used as guinea pigs against their will in government research projects. What he does not say is that most of the children used in these experiments were sold by one of their caretakers in the name of "National Security" and subjected to untold horrors at the hands of their government. In light of so many abuses of power coming before the public in recent years, many adult survivors of these childhood experiments are stepping forward to be heard.
In October 1995 the President’s Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments reported that secret radiation experiments on indigent patients and mentally retarded children were not only done, but that these people were deceived about the nature of their treatments. Dr. William Silverman asserted that performing nontherapeutic experiments on children without authorization from parents was part of a broader "ethos of the time" in which "everyone was a draftee" in a national war on disease.
In most cases the experiments involving radiation, chemical and biological warfare materials were carried out on an unsuspecting public. These are listed in Part II of this book. Government mind control experiments using drugs, sensory deprivation, hypnosis, and electric shock were used on adults and children to gain control of their minds. Impossible, you say. I wish it were. We live in such a sheltered little world. It’s much easier to believe that violence and mind control belong to a few scattered cults.
In a decision dated April 16, 1985 Chief Justice Burger of the United States Court of Appeals delivered the opinion of the Court in the case of CIA v. SIMS, 471 U.S. 159. This case focused around the publics right under the Freedom of Information Act, to have declassified the grant proposals and contracts, and the names of the institutions and individuals who had performed research under the CIA financed research project, code-named MKULTRA.
MKULTRA was established to counter soviet and Chinese advances in brainwashing and interrogation techniques and consisted of 149 subprojects contracted out to at least 80 institutions. In 1977 Director of Intelligence Stansfield Turner described in an affidavit, that the program was initiated because the Agency was confronted with "learning the state of the art of behavioral modification at a time when the U.S. Government was concerned about inexplicable behavior of persons behind the 'iron curtain' and American prisoners of war who had been subjected to so called brainwashing."
It began with a proposal from Richard Helms, who outlined a special funding mechanism for highly sensitive Agency research and development projects that would study the use of biological and chemical materials in altering human behavior. Allen Dulles approved MKULTRA on April 13, 1953. Twenty years after the conception of the MKULTRA project, all known files pertaining to it were ordered destroyed by Richard Helms before he retired.
In 1977 through a Freedom of Information Act request by John Marks, 16,000 pages of documents were found, held as part of the Agency’s financial history. Further attempts at declassification resulted in the decision rendered by Chief Justice Burger that the "intelligence sources" who were guaranteed confidentiality at the time of these CIA funded research projects would continue to remain protected and classified.
To those of us who have survived these experiments, this decision means that our stories will continue to lie in the government vaults of classified materials. Most of the important details were conveniently destroyed under orders of Richard Helms to conceal their wrongdoing. Think what would have happened if the records of the Holocaust had met the same fate. The disappearance of six million people could have remained a question mark in history.
As a survivor of CIA programs Bluebird/Artichoke and MKULTRA, I began my intense search to document some of the mind control experiments that I was made part of, starting at the tender age of four. Through a series of FOIA requests to various departments of the government, I have amassed an incredible amount of material that validates my personal experiences. The CIA bought my services from my grandfather in 1952. Over the next twelve years, I was tested, trained, and used in various ways. Electroshock, drugs, hypnosis, sensory deprivation, and other types of trauma were used to make me compliant and split my personality. The "Manchurian Candidate", where a programmed alter or personality is created to respond to a post-hypnotic trigger then perform an act and not remember it later, was just one of the operational uses of the mind control scenario by the CIA. A reliable truth serum would be another. In Bluebird, Dr. Colin Ross documents the deliberate creation of Multiple Personality by psychiatrists working under government contracts. Your hard earned tax dollars supported this, as well as experiments on extrasensory perception and remote viewing, all of which I was tested and trained for.
CIA personnel were not opposed to working with Nazi doctors who had proven to be proficient in breaking the mind and rebuilding it. To perform these experiments they also used the expertise and knowledge of doctors at private hospitals with whom they made contractual agreements. In some cases military bases were used to hide these covert activities.
On December 17, 1999 I turned 52 years old. On that day I received three CD ROMs from the CIA in response to my FOIA request. Forty-eight years after I was first experimented on, I found solid proof of my memories--proof that was in the government vaults of the nearly 18,000 pages of declassified documents from the Bluebird/Artichoke and MKULTRA programs. One of the documents specifically stated that experimental studies of the postulated abilities of a few specially gifted subjects would be conducted. The document states, "that in working with individual subjects, special attention will be given to dissociative states which tend to accompany spontaneous ESP experiences. Such states can be induced and controlled to some extent with hypnosis and drugs . . . The data used in the study will be obtained from special groups such as psychotics, children and mediums . . ."
The document continues, "Learning studies will be instituted in which the subject will be rewarded or punished for his overall performance and reinforced in various ways--by being told whether he was right, by being told what the target was, with electric shock etc." The proposal then goes on to say, "In other cases drugs and psychological tricks will be used to modify his attitudes. The experimenters will be particularly interested in dissociative states, from the abaissement de niveau mental, to multiple personality in so-called mediums; and an attempt will be made to induce a number of states of this kind, using hypnosis." The government had finally handed me the validation I had been searching for. To say my heart stopped that day is almost true.
My goal in writing this book is to expose the misuse of power that took place in this country during the Cold War. Thousands of innocent children who have now grown into adults are silently suffering from the effects of the experiments that were done to them by their own government. Many have been diagnosed incorrectly and institutionalized. Some died because they knew too much. Others, like myself, were able to obtain competent medical help, and are struggling to heal from the physical and mental ravages upon our beings.
In recounting some of the incidents that happened to me as part of these experiments, I ask that you remember that I have attempted to be as accurate as possible. Some of these events were remembered during flashbacks and abreactions. During an abreaction, a person feels just like they are reliving the event; accompanied by all the sensory stimulation and original emotional responses. Abreaction is common in soldiers who are having posttraumatic stress syndrome, where they actually feel they are back on the battlefield.
The brain is somewhat like a phonograph record, it records the original happening. With Dissociative Identity Disorder, amnesia is created for the traumatic incident to save the young child's sanity. When the amnesiac barriers are removed, it is like putting the needle back on the track of the record where the original memory is stored.
In my case, post-hypnotic suggestions were used after programming sessions, which also created an amnesiac barrier. When the wall to these memories was broken down and the events relived, I would document them in bits and pieces by journaling, drawing and painting. Some of the things I remembered seemed bizarre, and I oftentimes questioned my own sanity. Only after all the pieces of one memory would come together, would I finally get a true picture of exactly what had been done. This is also when I truly began to heal.
For skeptics, no proof will be enough. For others, like myself, unraveling the bizarre nature of my memories has allowed me to regain control of my life. My greatest gift of healing has been to no longer operate out of fear, but from a rational, logical based reality. Choices to live, love and create that were taken from me through the fragmentation of my mind can now be explored.
Some people have asked, "Why now do you choose to speak out?" I prefer to let an Auschwitz-Birkenau survivor of the Mengele Twins experiments speak for me. When asked how she felt while she was being used as a guinea pig she said,
"My answer is that emotional scars are so deep that only now, more than 40 years later, are we attempting to face our past and come to terms with it."
I ask those same people. How can we envision the future without visiting the past? Will we let this story lay in the shadows forever, or do we have the courage to address these wrongs and give survivors back their voices? You be the judge.
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ETHICS, Request to the NIH Bioethics Group, April 5, 1999
In so much as the Inter-Institute Bioethics Interest Group is currently considering research in bioethics, the Advocacy Committee for Human Experimentation Survivors wishes to apprise the group of the passing of the fourth anniversary of the testimony of two survivors, Claudia Mullen and Chris DeNicola Ebner with their therapist, Valerie Wolf, before the Presidents Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments in March, 1995. The President’s Committee recommended further exploration of this testimony which concerned the sadistic experimentation upon children, for the purposes of mind control and other unwitting uses. To date, no such investigation into these claims or others by additional survivors of radiation, chemical and biological experimentation perpetrated upon them as unwitting children, had been initiated.
He could be alive, I only read about him being seen somewhere in (Northern) Africa and that his grave from PERE LACHAISE could be like that of WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE: EMPTY.
